Estonia's Parliament passed the Nuclear Energy and Safety Act on 18 June 2026, clearing the regulatory pathway for Fermi Energia's planned two-SMR plant. Fermi Energia selected GE Vernova Hitachi's BWRX-300 in February 2023. Samsung C&T signed teaming agreement as potential EPC contractor in April 2025. Construction permit application expected in 2029, construction start in 2031, first unit operational by H2 2035. A national decommissioning fund will be established. The Act passed 63 votes to 10, establishing a phased licensing system and a national nuclear regulator that begins operations on January 1, 2027, with the developer bearing full responsibility for safety and end-of-life costs. Fermi Energia plans to file its national designated spatial plan and pre-assessment application in mid-2029, and Samsung C&T's teaming agreement is for a potential EPC partnership. Estonia was the first Baltic state to commit to a specific SMR technology; it relies heavily on oil shale and on imported electricity from Finland and Latvia, so the BWRX-300 would transform its energy system. Earlier records for this project listed a single 300 MW unit; the plan is two BWRX-300 units totalling 600 MWe.